Name:   MAJ USA RET - Subject:   The Clarity of Science Date:   10/15/2022 10:05:16 AM

Science: …from Middle English, "knowledge, the ability to know, learning, branch of knowledge," borrowed from Anglo-French science, cience, borrowed from Latin scientia "knowledge, awareness, understanding, branch of knowledge, learning."

What we know is NOT as clear as you might think.

You would think that chemistry is absolute. Well, maybe not. When us old farts were growing up, had we heard of “quarks coming in different flavors?” 200 years ago people were drinking Radium and laudanum (tincture of opium) for their “benefits.” People drank mercury for medicinal purposes and water supply lines were made of lead. What do you know about Radon? There have been proven NO DEATHS OR ILLNESS from residential Radon… ever. (I give a scientific, impartial lecture on Radon.)

You would think that we’ve known the facts of physics and thermodynamics well enough to have “Laws of Physics” and “Laws of Thermodynamics.” Then came the theories of general and special relativity. And, one of the laws of thermodynamics implies that the universe will descend into chaos!

Plate tectonics was solidified as a theory in the late 1970s. Up until then, you would roll your eyes as to how some geologists thought mountains were built. Yet the observational concept was known for over 200 years.

The “facts” that we know about climate change are dim indeed. The accurate thermometer was invented by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1714. Until that time there was NO way to record accurate temperatures. Accurate temperature records still do not exist in certain regions of the earth. SO, real scientists use “proxies” to stand in for temperature assignments over the span of history. An example of a proxy is the finding of a tree stump, Picca glauea, a conifer at the edge of the Arctic Circle. WE know under what conditions this spruce tree grows (today). So we infer that the conditions for the flourishing of this tree were present about 5000 years ago (radio carbon dating – another proxy).

There are about 274 currently acceptable proxies.

https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences-and-law/anthropology-and-archaeology/archaeology-general/dating-techniques

To get temperature estimates over geologic time several proxies for the same period are averaged. Look at the graphic in my previous post.   The faint wavy lines in the background are proxies.

To get parts per million for CO2 at 360 million years ago you a) measure the concentration of CO2 in multiple sample media, b) date the media using multiple proxies and c) INFER the CO2 ppm at that time.

EVEN if our proxies are off by +/- 100 ppm, there is absolutely NO DOUBT that the concentration of CO2 has grossly descended constantly over the preceding 570 million years (from almost 6000 ppm to ~ 400 ppm). The concentrations of Nitrogen and Oxygen have risen over the same period. At one point, the level of O2 in the atmosphere was not high enough for living organisms (including us) as we know them.

AND, the entire solar system, in concurrence with the laws of thermodynamics, is slowly getting colder. Heat energy does not go from cold to warm. And the unfathomable preponderance of space is at near absolute zero ( −273.15 degrees Celsius / −459.67 degrees Fahrenheit ).

Anthropomorphic global warming (AGW) is a hoax. Global climate change is certain (but it has very little to do with humans).

BUT, we won’t be here to say…